为了应对人口比例失衡问题，我国先后开放二孩政策和实行三孩政策。然而育龄群体并未因此增加生育意愿，生育率依旧处于低迷状态。从二孩政策到三孩政策，生育政策的核心始终围绕着延长产假进行。而在现行生育假期制度之下，男性生育权益保障不充分，新生幼儿难以得到双亲照料，生育政策的其他配套措施亦存在空白或不足，例如生育保险覆盖面过窄、社会公共托育机构发展有限、劳动监管缺失等。为了改变低生育率的现状，需从现行法律规定出发，加强制度的体系化建设，增设男性护理假、育儿假等，由国家、用人单位、家庭分摊生育成本，大力兴办托育行业，创建监管机制，促进我国生育假期制度的完善。

In order to cope with the imbalance of population proportion, China has successively opened the two-child policy and implemented the three-child policy. However, childbearing age groups did not increase their willingness to give birth, and the fertility rate was still in a depressing state. From the two-child policy to the three-child policy, the core of the birth policy has always revolved around the extension of maternity leave. Under the current maternity leave system, the protection of male reproductive rights and interests is insufficient, newborn children are difficult to get parental care, and there are gaps or deficiencies in other supporting measures of maternity policy, such as too narrow coverage of maternity insurance, limited development of social public care institutions, lack of labor supervision, etc. In order to change the current situation of low fertility rate, we need to start from the current legal provisions, strengthen the systematic construction of the system, add male nursing leave and parental leave, share the reproductive cost by the state, employers and families, vigorously set up the nursery industry and create a regulatory mechanism so as to promote the improvement of China's reproductive leave system.